Cell Growth & Differentiation, Vol 6, Issue 11 1381-1386, Copyright © 1995 by American Association of Cancer Research

ARTICLES

Localization of protein kinase C isozymes in rat colon

YH Jiang, HM Aukema, LA Davidson, JR Lupton and RS Chapkin
Faculty of Nutrition, Molecular and Cell Biology Group, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-2471, USA.

We have demonstrated previously the presence of classical (alpha), novel (delta and epsilon), and atypical (zeta) protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes in human and rat colonic mucosa (L. A. Davidson et al., Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 312:547-553, 1994). To gain insight into the functions of individual PKC isozymes in colonic epithelium in situ, we determined the localization of the major PKC isozymes expressed in normal rat colonic epithelial cells using in situ reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IH). Cytokeratin, a positive biological control known to be expressed in epithelial cells, was shown by in situ RT-PCR and IH to be expressed only in epithelial cells within the colonic crypt. PKC gamma, a negative control for the colon since it is expressed only in the central nervous system, was not detectable in colon sections by either methodology. In situ RT-PCR analysis revealed that PKC alpha, delta, epsilon, and zeta mRNAs are expressed in epithelial cells along the entire colonic crypt. In addition, PKC delta and zeta mRNA are expressed in the stromal layer. All four PKC isozymes in the colonic epithelial cells were also detected by IH. However, in general, isozyme protein expression was greater at the top of the crypt axis, associated primarily with cells having acquired a differentiated phenotype. These results suggest that PKC isozyme protein expression may be localized to mature differentiated cells at the top of the colonic crypt. Therefore, PKC isozyme-dependent signal transduction may play a role in colonic epithelial cell ontogeny along the colonic crypt axis.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				F. A. Wald, A. S. Oriolo, A. Mashukova, N. L. Fregien, A. H. Langshaw, and P. J. I. Salas Atypical protein kinase C (iota) activates ezrin in the apical domain of intestinal epithelial cells J. Cell Sci., March 1, 2008; 121(5): 644 - 654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. A. Hizli, A. R. Black, M. A. Pysz, and J. D. Black Protein Kinase C {alpha} Signaling Inhibits Cyclin D1 Translation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., May 26, 2006; 281(21): 14596 - 14603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. H. Abdullah, J. T. Bundy, C. Ehre, and C. W. Davis Mucin secretion and PKC isoforms in SPOC1 goblet cells: differential activation by purinergic agonist and PMA Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): L149 - L160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. D. Davis and W. T. Johnson Dietary Copper Affects Azoxymethane-Induced Intestinal Tumor Formation and Protein Kinase C Isozyme Protein and mRNA Expression in Colon of Rats J. Nutr., May 1, 2002; 132(5): 1018 - 1025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y.-Y. Fan, K. S. Ramos, and R. S. Chapkin Dietary {{gamma}}-Linolenic Acid Suppresses Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Modifies Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice J. Nutr., June 1, 2001; 131(6): 1675 - 1681. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. Gökmen-Polar, N. R. Murray, M. A. Velasco, Z. Gatalica, and A. P. Fields Elevated Protein Kinase C {beta}II Is an Early Promotive Event in Colon Carcinogenesis Cancer Res., February 1, 2001; 61(4): 1375 - 1381. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. L. Tepperman, Q. Chang, and B. D. Soper Protein Kinase C Mediates Lipopolysaccharide- and Phorbol-Induced Nitric-Oxide Synthase Activity and Cellular Injury in the Rat Colon J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., December 1, 2000; 295(3): 1249 - 1257. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				L. A. Davidson, R. E. Brown, W.-C. L. Chang, J. S. Morris, N. Wang, R. J. Carroll, N. D. Turner, J. R. Lupton, and R. S. Chapkin Morphodensitometric analysis of protein kinase C {beta}II expression in rat colon: modulation by diet and relation to in situ cell proliferation and apoptosis Carcinogenesis, August 1, 2000; 21(8): 1513 - 1519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Umar, J. H. Sellin, and A. P. Morris Murine colonic mucosa hyperproliferation. II. PKC-beta activation and cPKC-mediated cellular CFTR overexpression Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, May 1, 2000; 278(5): G765 - G774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. R. Murray, L. A. Davidson, R. S. Chapkin, W. Clay Gustafson, D. G. Schattenberg, and A. P. Fields Overexpression of Protein Kinase C beta II Induces Colonic Hyperproliferation and Increased Sensitivity to Colon Carcinogenesis J. Cell Biol., May 17, 1999; 145(4): 699 - 711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Batlle, J. Verdu, D. Dominguez, M. d. M. Llosas, V. Diaz, N. Loukili, R. Paciucci, F. Alameda, and A. G. de Herreros Protein Kinase C-alpha Activity Inversely Modulates Invasion and Growth of Intestinal Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 12, 1998; 273(24): 15091 - 15098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y.-H. Jiang, J. R. Lupton, and R. S. Chapkin Dietary Fat and Fiber Modulate the Effect of Carcinogen on Colonic Protein Kinase C lambda  Expression in Rats J. Nutr., October 1, 1997; 127(10): 1938 - 1943. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. R. Frey, M. L. Saxon, X. Zhao, A. Rollins, S. S. Evans, and J. D. Black Protein Kinase C Isozyme-mediated Cell Cycle Arrest Involves Induction of p21waf1/cip1 and p27kip1 and Hypophosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma Protein in Intestinal Epithelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 1997; 272(14): 9424 - 9435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]